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    <h3>Editing: LogManager.php</h3>
    <textarea name="content" rows="20" cols="80">&lt;?php

namespace Illuminate\Log;

use Closure;
use Illuminate\Support\Str;
use InvalidArgumentException;
use Monolog\Formatter\LineFormatter;
use Monolog\Handler\ErrorLogHandler;
use Monolog\Handler\FingersCrossedHandler;
use Monolog\Handler\FormattableHandlerInterface;
use Monolog\Handler\HandlerInterface;
use Monolog\Handler\RotatingFileHandler;
use Monolog\Handler\SlackWebhookHandler;
use Monolog\Handler\StreamHandler;
use Monolog\Handler\SyslogHandler;
use Monolog\Handler\WhatFailureGroupHandler;
use Monolog\Logger as Monolog;
use Psr\Log\LoggerInterface;
use Throwable;

class LogManager implements LoggerInterface
{
    use ParsesLogConfiguration;

    /**
     * The application instance.
     *
     * @var \Illuminate\Contracts\Foundation\Application
     */
    protected $app;

    /**
     * The array of resolved channels.
     *
     * @var array
     */
    protected $channels = [];

    /**
     * The registered custom driver creators.
     *
     * @var array
     */
    protected $customCreators = [];

    /**
     * The standard date format to use when writing logs.
     *
     * @var string
     */
    protected $dateFormat = 'Y-m-d H:i:s';

    /**
     * Create a new Log manager instance.
     *
     * @param  \Illuminate\Contracts\Foundation\Application  $app
     * @return void
     */
    public function __construct($app)
    {
        $this-&gt;app = $app;
    }

    /**
     * Build an on-demand log channel.
     *
     * @param  array  $config
     * @return \Psr\Log\LoggerInterface
     */
    public function build(array $config)
    {
        unset($this-&gt;channels['ondemand']);

        return $this-&gt;get('ondemand', $config);
    }

    /**
     * Create a new, on-demand aggregate logger instance.
     *
     * @param  array  $channels
     * @param  string|null  $channel
     * @return \Psr\Log\LoggerInterface
     */
    public function stack(array $channels, $channel = null)
    {
        return new Logger(
            $this-&gt;createStackDriver(compact('channels', 'channel')),
            $this-&gt;app['events']
        );
    }

    /**
     * Get a log channel instance.
     *
     * @param  string|null  $channel
     * @return \Psr\Log\LoggerInterface
     */
    public function channel($channel = null)
    {
        return $this-&gt;driver($channel);
    }

    /**
     * Get a log driver instance.
     *
     * @param  string|null  $driver
     * @return \Psr\Log\LoggerInterface
     */
    public function driver($driver = null)
    {
        return $this-&gt;get($this-&gt;parseDriver($driver));
    }

    /**
     * Attempt to get the log from the local cache.
     *
     * @param  string  $name
     * @param  array|null  $config
     * @return \Psr\Log\LoggerInterface
     */
    protected function get($name, ?array $config = null)
    {
        try {
            return $this-&gt;channels[$name] ?? with($this-&gt;resolve($name, $config), function ($logger) use ($name) {
                return $this-&gt;channels[$name] = $this-&gt;tap($name, new Logger($logger, $this-&gt;app['events']));
            });
        } catch (Throwable $e) {
            return tap($this-&gt;createEmergencyLogger(), function ($logger) use ($e) {
                $logger-&gt;emergency('Unable to create configured logger. Using emergency logger.', [
                    'exception' =&gt; $e,
                ]);
            });
        }
    }

    /**
     * Apply the configured taps for the logger.
     *
     * @param  string  $name
     * @param  \Illuminate\Log\Logger  $logger
     * @return \Illuminate\Log\Logger
     */
    protected function tap($name, Logger $logger)
    {
        foreach ($this-&gt;configurationFor($name)['tap'] ?? [] as $tap) {
            [$class, $arguments] = $this-&gt;parseTap($tap);

            $this-&gt;app-&gt;make($class)-&gt;__invoke($logger, ...explode(',', $arguments));
        }

        return $logger;
    }

    /**
     * Parse the given tap class string into a class name and arguments string.
     *
     * @param  string  $tap
     * @return array
     */
    protected function parseTap($tap)
    {
        return Str::contains($tap, ':') ? explode(':', $tap, 2) : [$tap, ''];
    }

    /**
     * Create an emergency log handler to avoid white screens of death.
     *
     * @return \Psr\Log\LoggerInterface
     */
    protected function createEmergencyLogger()
    {
        $config = $this-&gt;configurationFor('emergency');

        $handler = new StreamHandler(
            $config['path'] ?? $this-&gt;app-&gt;storagePath().'/logs/laravel.log',
            $this-&gt;level(['level' =&gt; 'debug'])
        );

        return new Logger(
            new Monolog('laravel', $this-&gt;prepareHandlers([$handler])),
            $this-&gt;app['events']
        );
    }

    /**
     * Resolve the given log instance by name.
     *
     * @param  string  $name
     * @param  array|null  $config
     * @return \Psr\Log\LoggerInterface
     *
     * @throws \InvalidArgumentException
     */
    protected function resolve($name, ?array $config = null)
    {
        $config = $config ?? $this-&gt;configurationFor($name);

        if (is_null($config)) {
            throw new InvalidArgumentException(&quot;Log [{$name}] is not defined.&quot;);
        }

        if (isset($this-&gt;customCreators[$config['driver']])) {
            return $this-&gt;callCustomCreator($config);
        }

        $driverMethod = 'create'.ucfirst($config['driver']).'Driver';

        if (method_exists($this, $driverMethod)) {
            return $this-&gt;{$driverMethod}($config);
        }

        throw new InvalidArgumentException(&quot;Driver [{$config['driver']}] is not supported.&quot;);
    }

    /**
     * Call a custom driver creator.
     *
     * @param  array  $config
     * @return mixed
     */
    protected function callCustomCreator(array $config)
    {
        return $this-&gt;customCreators[$config['driver']]($this-&gt;app, $config);
    }

    /**
     * Create a custom log driver instance.
     *
     * @param  array  $config
     * @return \Psr\Log\LoggerInterface
     */
    protected function createCustomDriver(array $config)
    {
        $factory = is_callable($via = $config['via']) ? $via : $this-&gt;app-&gt;make($via);

        return $factory($config);
    }

    /**
     * Create an aggregate log driver instance.
     *
     * @param  array  $config
     * @return \Psr\Log\LoggerInterface
     */
    protected function createStackDriver(array $config)
    {
        if (is_string($config['channels'])) {
            $config['channels'] = explode(',', $config['channels']);
        }

        $handlers = collect($config['channels'])-&gt;flatMap(function ($channel) {
            return $channel instanceof LoggerInterface
                ? $channel-&gt;getHandlers()
                : $this-&gt;channel($channel)-&gt;getHandlers();
        })-&gt;all();

        $processors = collect($config['channels'])-&gt;flatMap(function ($channel) {
            return $channel instanceof LoggerInterface
                ? $channel-&gt;getProcessors()
                : $this-&gt;channel($channel)-&gt;getProcessors();
        })-&gt;all();

        if ($config['ignore_exceptions'] ?? false) {
            $handlers = [new WhatFailureGroupHandler($handlers)];
        }

        return new Monolog($this-&gt;parseChannel($config), $handlers, $processors);
    }

    /**
     * Create an instance of the single file log driver.
     *
     * @param  array  $config
     * @return \Psr\Log\LoggerInterface
     */
    protected function createSingleDriver(array $config)
    {
        return new Monolog($this-&gt;parseChannel($config), [
            $this-&gt;prepareHandler(
                new StreamHandler(
                    $config['path'], $this-&gt;level($config),
                    $config['bubble'] ?? true, $config['permission'] ?? null, $config['locking'] ?? false
                ), $config
            ),
        ]);
    }

    /**
     * Create an instance of the daily file log driver.
     *
     * @param  array  $config
     * @return \Psr\Log\LoggerInterface
     */
    protected function createDailyDriver(array $config)
    {
        return new Monolog($this-&gt;parseChannel($config), [
            $this-&gt;prepareHandler(new RotatingFileHandler(
                $config['path'], $config['days'] ?? 7, $this-&gt;level($config),
                $config['bubble'] ?? true, $config['permission'] ?? null, $config['locking'] ?? false
            ), $config),
        ]);
    }

    /**
     * Create an instance of the Slack log driver.
     *
     * @param  array  $config
     * @return \Psr\Log\LoggerInterface
     */
    protected function createSlackDriver(array $config)
    {
        return new Monolog($this-&gt;parseChannel($config), [
            $this-&gt;prepareHandler(new SlackWebhookHandler(
                $config['url'],
                $config['channel'] ?? null,
                $config['username'] ?? 'Laravel',
                $config['attachment'] ?? true,
                $config['emoji'] ?? ':boom:',
                $config['short'] ?? false,
                $config['context'] ?? true,
                $this-&gt;level($config),
                $config['bubble'] ?? true,
                $config['exclude_fields'] ?? []
            ), $config),
        ]);
    }

    /**
     * Create an instance of the syslog log driver.
     *
     * @param  array  $config
     * @return \Psr\Log\LoggerInterface
     */
    protected function createSyslogDriver(array $config)
    {
        return new Monolog($this-&gt;parseChannel($config), [
            $this-&gt;prepareHandler(new SyslogHandler(
                Str::snake($this-&gt;app['config']['app.name'], '-'),
                $config['facility'] ?? LOG_USER, $this-&gt;level($config)
            ), $config),
        ]);
    }

    /**
     * Create an instance of the &quot;error log&quot; log driver.
     *
     * @param  array  $config
     * @return \Psr\Log\LoggerInterface
     */
    protected function createErrorlogDriver(array $config)
    {
        return new Monolog($this-&gt;parseChannel($config), [
            $this-&gt;prepareHandler(new ErrorLogHandler(
                $config['type'] ?? ErrorLogHandler::OPERATING_SYSTEM, $this-&gt;level($config)
            )),
        ]);
    }

    /**
     * Create an instance of any handler available in Monolog.
     *
     * @param  array  $config
     * @return \Psr\Log\LoggerInterface
     *
     * @throws \InvalidArgumentException
     * @throws \Illuminate\Contracts\Container\BindingResolutionException
     */
    protected function createMonologDriver(array $config)
    {
        if (! is_a($config['handler'], HandlerInterface::class, true)) {
            throw new InvalidArgumentException(
                $config['handler'].' must be an instance of '.HandlerInterface::class
            );
        }

        $with = array_merge(
            ['level' =&gt; $this-&gt;level($config)],
            $config['with'] ?? [],
            $config['handler_with'] ?? []
        );

        return new Monolog($this-&gt;parseChannel($config), [$this-&gt;prepareHandler(
            $this-&gt;app-&gt;make($config['handler'], $with), $config
        )]);
    }

    /**
     * Prepare the handlers for usage by Monolog.
     *
     * @param  array  $handlers
     * @return array
     */
    protected function prepareHandlers(array $handlers)
    {
        foreach ($handlers as $key =&gt; $handler) {
            $handlers[$key] = $this-&gt;prepareHandler($handler);
        }

        return $handlers;
    }

    /**
     * Prepare the handler for usage by Monolog.
     *
     * @param  \Monolog\Handler\HandlerInterface  $handler
     * @param  array  $config
     * @return \Monolog\Handler\HandlerInterface
     */
    protected function prepareHandler(HandlerInterface $handler, array $config = [])
    {
        if (isset($config['action_level'])) {
            $handler = new FingersCrossedHandler($handler, $this-&gt;actionLevel($config));
        }

        if (Monolog::API !== 1 &amp;&amp; (Monolog::API !== 2 || ! $handler instanceof FormattableHandlerInterface)) {
            return $handler;
        }

        if (! isset($config['formatter'])) {
            $handler-&gt;setFormatter($this-&gt;formatter());
        } elseif ($config['formatter'] !== 'default') {
            $handler-&gt;setFormatter($this-&gt;app-&gt;make($config['formatter'], $config['formatter_with'] ?? []));
        }

        return $handler;
    }

    /**
     * Get a Monolog formatter instance.
     *
     * @return \Monolog\Formatter\FormatterInterface
     */
    protected function formatter()
    {
        return tap(new LineFormatter(null, $this-&gt;dateFormat, true, true), function ($formatter) {
            $formatter-&gt;includeStacktraces();
        });
    }

    /**
     * Get fallback log channel name.
     *
     * @return string
     */
    protected function getFallbackChannelName()
    {
        return $this-&gt;app-&gt;bound('env') ? $this-&gt;app-&gt;environment() : 'production';
    }

    /**
     * Get the log connection configuration.
     *
     * @param  string  $name
     * @return array
     */
    protected function configurationFor($name)
    {
        return $this-&gt;app['config'][&quot;logging.channels.{$name}&quot;];
    }

    /**
     * Get the default log driver name.
     *
     * @return string|null
     */
    public function getDefaultDriver()
    {
        return $this-&gt;app['config']['logging.default'];
    }

    /**
     * Set the default log driver name.
     *
     * @param  string  $name
     * @return void
     */
    public function setDefaultDriver($name)
    {
        $this-&gt;app['config']['logging.default'] = $name;
    }

    /**
     * Register a custom driver creator Closure.
     *
     * @param  string  $driver
     * @param  \Closure  $callback
     * @return $this
     */
    public function extend($driver, Closure $callback)
    {
        $this-&gt;customCreators[$driver] = $callback-&gt;bindTo($this, $this);

        return $this;
    }

    /**
     * Unset the given channel instance.
     *
     * @param  string|null  $driver
     * @return $this
     */
    public function forgetChannel($driver = null)
    {
        $driver = $this-&gt;parseDriver($driver);

        if (isset($this-&gt;channels[$driver])) {
            unset($this-&gt;channels[$driver]);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Parse the driver name.
     *
     * @param  string|null  $driver
     * @return string|null
     */
    protected function parseDriver($driver)
    {
        $driver = $driver ?? $this-&gt;getDefaultDriver();

        if ($this-&gt;app-&gt;runningUnitTests()) {
            $driver = $driver ?? 'null';
        }

        return $driver;
    }

    /**
     * Get all of the resolved log channels.
     *
     * @return array
     */
    public function getChannels()
    {
        return $this-&gt;channels;
    }

    /**
     * System is unusable.
     *
     * @param  string  $message
     * @param  array  $context
     * @return void
     */
    public function emergency($message, array $context = [])
    {
        $this-&gt;driver()-&gt;emergency($message, $context);
    }

    /**
     * Action must be taken immediately.
     *
     * Example: Entire website down, database unavailable, etc. This should
     * trigger the SMS alerts and wake you up.
     *
     * @param  string  $message
     * @param  array  $context
     * @return void
     */
    public function alert($message, array $context = [])
    {
        $this-&gt;driver()-&gt;alert($message, $context);
    }

    /**
     * Critical conditions.
     *
     * Example: Application component unavailable, unexpected exception.
     *
     * @param  string  $message
     * @param  array  $context
     * @return void
     */
    public function critical($message, array $context = [])
    {
        $this-&gt;driver()-&gt;critical($message, $context);
    }

    /**
     * Runtime errors that do not require immediate action but should typically
     * be logged and monitored.
     *
     * @param  string  $message
     * @param  array  $context
     * @return void
     */
    public function error($message, array $context = [])
    {
        $this-&gt;driver()-&gt;error($message, $context);
    }

    /**
     * Exceptional occurrences that are not errors.
     *
     * Example: Use of deprecated APIs, poor use of an API, undesirable things
     * that are not necessarily wrong.
     *
     * @param  string  $message
     * @param  array  $context
     * @return void
     */
    public function warning($message, array $context = [])
    {
        $this-&gt;driver()-&gt;warning($message, $context);
    }

    /**
     * Normal but significant events.
     *
     * @param  string  $message
     * @param  array  $context
     * @return void
     */
    public function notice($message, array $context = [])
    {
        $this-&gt;driver()-&gt;notice($message, $context);
    }

    /**
     * Interesting events.
     *
     * Example: User logs in, SQL logs.
     *
     * @param  string  $message
     * @param  array  $context
     * @return void
     */
    public function info($message, array $context = [])
    {
        $this-&gt;driver()-&gt;info($message, $context);
    }

    /**
     * Detailed debug information.
     *
     * @param  string  $message
     * @param  array  $context
     * @return void
     */
    public function debug($message, array $context = [])
    {
        $this-&gt;driver()-&gt;debug($message, $context);
    }

    /**
     * Logs with an arbitrary level.
     *
     * @param  mixed  $level
     * @param  string  $message
     * @param  array  $context
     * @return void
     */
    public function log($level, $message, array $context = [])
    {
        $this-&gt;driver()-&gt;log($level, $message, $context);
    }

    /**
     * Dynamically call the default driver instance.
     *
     * @param  string  $method
     * @param  array  $parameters
     * @return mixed
     */
    public function __call($method, $parameters)
    {
        return $this-&gt;driver()-&gt;$method(...$parameters);
    }
}
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