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    <h3>Editing: DatabaseQueue.php</h3>
    <textarea name="content" rows="20" cols="80">&lt;?php

namespace Illuminate\Queue;

use Illuminate\Contracts\Queue\ClearableQueue;
use Illuminate\Contracts\Queue\Queue as QueueContract;
use Illuminate\Database\Connection;
use Illuminate\Queue\Jobs\DatabaseJob;
use Illuminate\Queue\Jobs\DatabaseJobRecord;
use Illuminate\Support\Carbon;
use Illuminate\Support\Str;
use PDO;

class DatabaseQueue extends Queue implements QueueContract, ClearableQueue
{
    /**
     * The database connection instance.
     *
     * @var \Illuminate\Database\Connection
     */
    protected $database;

    /**
     * The database table that holds the jobs.
     *
     * @var string
     */
    protected $table;

    /**
     * The name of the default queue.
     *
     * @var string
     */
    protected $default;

    /**
     * The expiration time of a job.
     *
     * @var int|null
     */
    protected $retryAfter = 60;

    /**
     * Create a new database queue instance.
     *
     * @param  \Illuminate\Database\Connection  $database
     * @param  string  $table
     * @param  string  $default
     * @param  int  $retryAfter
     * @param  bool  $dispatchAfterCommit
     * @return void
     */
    public function __construct(Connection $database,
                                $table,
                                $default = 'default',
                                $retryAfter = 60,
                                $dispatchAfterCommit = false)
    {
        $this-&gt;table = $table;
        $this-&gt;default = $default;
        $this-&gt;database = $database;
        $this-&gt;retryAfter = $retryAfter;
        $this-&gt;dispatchAfterCommit = $dispatchAfterCommit;
    }

    /**
     * Get the size of the queue.
     *
     * @param  string|null  $queue
     * @return int
     */
    public function size($queue = null)
    {
        return $this-&gt;database-&gt;table($this-&gt;table)
                    -&gt;where('queue', $this-&gt;getQueue($queue))
                    -&gt;count();
    }

    /**
     * Push a new job onto the queue.
     *
     * @param  string  $job
     * @param  mixed  $data
     * @param  string|null  $queue
     * @return mixed
     */
    public function push($job, $data = '', $queue = null)
    {
        return $this-&gt;enqueueUsing(
            $job,
            $this-&gt;createPayload($job, $this-&gt;getQueue($queue), $data),
            $queue,
            null,
            function ($payload, $queue) {
                return $this-&gt;pushToDatabase($queue, $payload);
            }
        );
    }

    /**
     * Push a raw payload onto the queue.
     *
     * @param  string  $payload
     * @param  string|null  $queue
     * @param  array  $options
     * @return mixed
     */
    public function pushRaw($payload, $queue = null, array $options = [])
    {
        return $this-&gt;pushToDatabase($queue, $payload);
    }

    /**
     * Push a new job onto the queue after a delay.
     *
     * @param  \DateTimeInterface|\DateInterval|int  $delay
     * @param  string  $job
     * @param  mixed  $data
     * @param  string|null  $queue
     * @return void
     */
    public function later($delay, $job, $data = '', $queue = null)
    {
        return $this-&gt;enqueueUsing(
            $job,
            $this-&gt;createPayload($job, $this-&gt;getQueue($queue), $data),
            $queue,
            $delay,
            function ($payload, $queue, $delay) {
                return $this-&gt;pushToDatabase($queue, $payload, $delay);
            }
        );
    }

    /**
     * Push an array of jobs onto the queue.
     *
     * @param  array  $jobs
     * @param  mixed  $data
     * @param  string|null  $queue
     * @return mixed
     */
    public function bulk($jobs, $data = '', $queue = null)
    {
        $queue = $this-&gt;getQueue($queue);

        $availableAt = $this-&gt;availableAt();

        return $this-&gt;database-&gt;table($this-&gt;table)-&gt;insert(collect((array) $jobs)-&gt;map(
            function ($job) use ($queue, $data, $availableAt) {
                return $this-&gt;buildDatabaseRecord($queue, $this-&gt;createPayload($job, $this-&gt;getQueue($queue), $data), $availableAt);
            }
        )-&gt;all());
    }

    /**
     * Release a reserved job back onto the queue.
     *
     * @param  string  $queue
     * @param  \Illuminate\Queue\Jobs\DatabaseJobRecord  $job
     * @param  int  $delay
     * @return mixed
     */
    public function release($queue, $job, $delay)
    {
        return $this-&gt;pushToDatabase($queue, $job-&gt;payload, $delay, $job-&gt;attempts);
    }

    /**
     * Push a raw payload to the database with a given delay.
     *
     * @param  string|null  $queue
     * @param  string  $payload
     * @param  \DateTimeInterface|\DateInterval|int  $delay
     * @param  int  $attempts
     * @return mixed
     */
    protected function pushToDatabase($queue, $payload, $delay = 0, $attempts = 0)
    {
        return $this-&gt;database-&gt;table($this-&gt;table)-&gt;insertGetId($this-&gt;buildDatabaseRecord(
            $this-&gt;getQueue($queue), $payload, $this-&gt;availableAt($delay), $attempts
        ));
    }

    /**
     * Create an array to insert for the given job.
     *
     * @param  string|null  $queue
     * @param  string  $payload
     * @param  int  $availableAt
     * @param  int  $attempts
     * @return array
     */
    protected function buildDatabaseRecord($queue, $payload, $availableAt, $attempts = 0)
    {
        return [
            'queue' =&gt; $queue,
            'attempts' =&gt; $attempts,
            'reserved_at' =&gt; null,
            'available_at' =&gt; $availableAt,
            'created_at' =&gt; $this-&gt;currentTime(),
            'payload' =&gt; $payload,
        ];
    }

    /**
     * Pop the next job off of the queue.
     *
     * @param  string|null  $queue
     * @return \Illuminate\Contracts\Queue\Job|null
     *
     * @throws \Throwable
     */
    public function pop($queue = null)
    {
        $queue = $this-&gt;getQueue($queue);

        return $this-&gt;database-&gt;transaction(function () use ($queue) {
            if ($job = $this-&gt;getNextAvailableJob($queue)) {
                return $this-&gt;marshalJob($queue, $job);
            }
        });
    }

    /**
     * Get the next available job for the queue.
     *
     * @param  string|null  $queue
     * @return \Illuminate\Queue\Jobs\DatabaseJobRecord|null
     */
    protected function getNextAvailableJob($queue)
    {
        $job = $this-&gt;database-&gt;table($this-&gt;table)
                    -&gt;lock($this-&gt;getLockForPopping())
                    -&gt;where('queue', $this-&gt;getQueue($queue))
                    -&gt;where(function ($query) {
                        $this-&gt;isAvailable($query);
                        $this-&gt;isReservedButExpired($query);
                    })
                    -&gt;orderBy('id', 'asc')
                    -&gt;first();

        return $job ? new DatabaseJobRecord((object) $job) : null;
    }

    /**
     * Get the lock required for popping the next job.
     *
     * @return string|bool
     */
    protected function getLockForPopping()
    {
        $databaseEngine = $this-&gt;database-&gt;getPdo()-&gt;getAttribute(PDO::ATTR_DRIVER_NAME);
        $databaseVersion = $this-&gt;database-&gt;getConfig('version') ?? $this-&gt;database-&gt;getPdo()-&gt;getAttribute(PDO::ATTR_SERVER_VERSION);

        if (Str::of($databaseVersion)-&gt;contains('MariaDB')) {
            $databaseEngine = 'mariadb';
            $databaseVersion = Str::before(Str::after($databaseVersion, '5.5.5-'), '-');
        }

        if (($databaseEngine === 'mysql' &amp;&amp; version_compare($databaseVersion, '8.0.1', '&gt;=')) ||
            ($databaseEngine === 'mariadb' &amp;&amp; version_compare($databaseVersion, '10.6.0', '&gt;=')) ||
            ($databaseEngine === 'pgsql' &amp;&amp; version_compare($databaseVersion, '9.5', '&gt;='))) {
            return 'FOR UPDATE SKIP LOCKED';
        }

        return true;
    }

    /**
     * Modify the query to check for available jobs.
     *
     * @param  \Illuminate\Database\Query\Builder  $query
     * @return void
     */
    protected function isAvailable($query)
    {
        $query-&gt;where(function ($query) {
            $query-&gt;whereNull('reserved_at')
                  -&gt;where('available_at', '&lt;=', $this-&gt;currentTime());
        });
    }

    /**
     * Modify the query to check for jobs that are reserved but have expired.
     *
     * @param  \Illuminate\Database\Query\Builder  $query
     * @return void
     */
    protected function isReservedButExpired($query)
    {
        $expiration = Carbon::now()-&gt;subSeconds($this-&gt;retryAfter)-&gt;getTimestamp();

        $query-&gt;orWhere(function ($query) use ($expiration) {
            $query-&gt;where('reserved_at', '&lt;=', $expiration);
        });
    }

    /**
     * Marshal the reserved job into a DatabaseJob instance.
     *
     * @param  string  $queue
     * @param  \Illuminate\Queue\Jobs\DatabaseJobRecord  $job
     * @return \Illuminate\Queue\Jobs\DatabaseJob
     */
    protected function marshalJob($queue, $job)
    {
        $job = $this-&gt;markJobAsReserved($job);

        return new DatabaseJob(
            $this-&gt;container, $this, $job, $this-&gt;connectionName, $queue
        );
    }

    /**
     * Mark the given job ID as reserved.
     *
     * @param  \Illuminate\Queue\Jobs\DatabaseJobRecord  $job
     * @return \Illuminate\Queue\Jobs\DatabaseJobRecord
     */
    protected function markJobAsReserved($job)
    {
        $this-&gt;database-&gt;table($this-&gt;table)-&gt;where('id', $job-&gt;id)-&gt;update([
            'reserved_at' =&gt; $job-&gt;touch(),
            'attempts' =&gt; $job-&gt;increment(),
        ]);

        return $job;
    }

    /**
     * Delete a reserved job from the queue.
     *
     * @param  string  $queue
     * @param  string  $id
     * @return void
     *
     * @throws \Throwable
     */
    public function deleteReserved($queue, $id)
    {
        $this-&gt;database-&gt;transaction(function () use ($id) {
            if ($this-&gt;database-&gt;table($this-&gt;table)-&gt;lockForUpdate()-&gt;find($id)) {
                $this-&gt;database-&gt;table($this-&gt;table)-&gt;where('id', $id)-&gt;delete();
            }
        });
    }

    /**
     * Delete a reserved job from the reserved queue and release it.
     *
     * @param  string  $queue
     * @param  \Illuminate\Queue\Jobs\DatabaseJob  $job
     * @param  int  $delay
     * @return void
     */
    public function deleteAndRelease($queue, $job, $delay)
    {
        $this-&gt;database-&gt;transaction(function () use ($queue, $job, $delay) {
            if ($this-&gt;database-&gt;table($this-&gt;table)-&gt;lockForUpdate()-&gt;find($job-&gt;getJobId())) {
                $this-&gt;database-&gt;table($this-&gt;table)-&gt;where('id', $job-&gt;getJobId())-&gt;delete();
            }

            $this-&gt;release($queue, $job-&gt;getJobRecord(), $delay);
        });
    }

    /**
     * Delete all of the jobs from the queue.
     *
     * @param  string  $queue
     * @return int
     */
    public function clear($queue)
    {
        return $this-&gt;database-&gt;table($this-&gt;table)
                    -&gt;where('queue', $this-&gt;getQueue($queue))
                    -&gt;delete();
    }

    /**
     * Get the queue or return the default.
     *
     * @param  string|null  $queue
     * @return string
     */
    public function getQueue($queue)
    {
        return $queue ?: $this-&gt;default;
    }

    /**
     * Get the underlying database instance.
     *
     * @return \Illuminate\Database\Connection
     */
    public function getDatabase()
    {
        return $this-&gt;database;
    }
}
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